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Article 1109 of the French Civil Code

A contract is consensual when it is formed by the mere exchange of consents whatever the mode of expression.

A contract is solemn when its validity is subject to forms determined by law.

A contract is real when its formation is subject to the delivery of a thing.

Original in French 🇫🇷
Article 1109

Le contrat est consensuel lorsqu’il se forme par le seul échange des consentements quel qu’en soit le mode d’expression.

Le contrat est solennel lorsque sa validité est subordonnée à des formes déterminées par la loi.

Le contrat est réel lorsque sa formation est subordonnée à la remise d’une chose.

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