The producer is liable ipso jure unless he proves:
1° That he had not put the product into circulation;
2° That, having regard to the circumstances, there are grounds for considering that the defect which caused the damage did not exist at the time when the product was put into circulation by him or that this defect arose subsequently;
3° That the product was not intended for sale or for any other form of distribution ;
4° That the state of scientific and technical knowledge, at the time he put the product into circulation, did not allow the existence of the defect to be detected;
5° Or that the defect is due to the conformity of the product with mandatory rules of a legislative or regulatory nature.
The producer of the component part is also not liable if he establishes that the defect is attributable to the design of the product in which that part has been incorporated or to the instructions given by the producer of that product.