Call Us + 33 1 84 88 31 00

Article 1538 of the French Civil Code

Both in relation to his or her spouse and to third parties, a spouse may prove by any means that he or she has exclusive ownership of property.

Presumptions of ownership set out in the marriage contract have effect in relation to third parties as well as in relations between spouses, unless otherwise agreed. Proof to the contrary shall be by right, and shall be by any means capable of establishing that the property does not belong to the spouse whom the presumption designates, or even, if it does belong to him or her, that he or she acquired it by a gift from the other spouse.

Property over which neither spouse can prove exclusive ownership is deemed to belong to them jointly, to each for half.

Original in French 🇫🇷
Article 1538

Tant à l’égard de son conjoint que des tiers, un époux peut prouver par tous les moyens qu’il a la propriété exclusive d’un bien.

Les présomptions de propriété énoncées au contrat de mariage ont effet à l’égard des tiers aussi bien que dans les rapports entre époux, s’il n’en a été autrement convenu. La preuve contraire sera de droit, et elle se fera par tous les moyens propres à établir que les biens n’appartiennent pas à l’époux que la présomption désigne, ou même, s’ils lui appartiennent, qu’il les a acquis par une libéralité de l’autre époux.

Les biens sur lesquels aucun des époux ne peut justifier d’une propriété exclusive sont réputés leur appartenir indivisément, à chacun pour moitié.

Need help with this article? Get help from a French lawyer

Our French business lawyers are here to help.
We offer a FREE evaluation of your case.
Call us at +33 (0) 1 84 88 31 00 or send us an email.

Useful links

You have a question in French Business Law?

Our French business lawyers are here to help.
We offer a FREE evaluation of your case.
Call +33 (0) 1 84 88 31 00 or send us an email.

All information exchanged through this website will be communicated to lawyers registered with a French Bar and will remain confidential.