Any association that has been duly registered for at least five years on the date of the events, and that proposes by its articles of association to combat racism or to assist victims of discrimination based on their national, ethnic, racial or religious origin, may exercise the rights granted to civil parties with regard to, on the one hand, discrimination punishable by the articles 225-2 and 432-7 of the Criminal Code and the establishment or keeping of files punishable by article 226-19 of the same code, on the other hand, wilful attacks on life and personal integrity, threats, theft, extortion and destruction, degradation and deterioration that have been committed to the detriment of a person on account of their national origin, their actual or supposed membership or non-membership of a particular ethnic group, race or religion.
However, where the offence has been committed against a person considered individually, the association will only be admissible in its action if it can prove that it has received the agreement of the person concerned or, if the latter is a minor, the agreement of the holder of parental authority or the legal representative, where such agreement can be obtained.
A foundation recognised as being in the public interest may exercise the rights recognised to a civil party under the same conditions and subject to the same reservations as the association mentioned in this article.
In the case of wilful bodily harm, if the victim is deceased, the association must prove that it has received the agreement of the victim’s beneficiaries.