Where a witness summoned fails to appear, the court may, on the application of the public prosecutor or even of its own motion, order that the witness be immediately brought before the court by the forces of law and order to be heard, or adjourn the case to the next session.
In all cases, a witness who fails to appear or who refuses either to take an oath or to give evidence may, on the application of the public prosecutor, be sentenced by the court to a fine of 3,750 euros. The obligation to give evidence applies subject to the provisions of articles 226-13 and 226-14 of the Criminal Code and the right of any journalist who is heard as a witness on information gathered in the course of his or her work not to reveal its origin.
The right of opposition is available to the convicted person who has not appeared. The opposition may be lodged within five days of service of the judgment on him or at his home address. The court rules on this opposition either during the current session or during a subsequent session.