At the hearing, the parties present their claims and supporting arguments orally. They may also refer to any claims and pleas they may have formulated in writing. The parties’ observations are noted in the case file or recorded in minutes.
Where a specific provision so provides, the parties may be authorised to formulate their claims and pleas in writing without appearing at the hearing. The judgment rendered under these conditions is adversarial. Nevertheless, the judge always has the option of ordering that the parties appear before him.