The judgment may be drawn up on paper or electronically. It shall be signed by the President and by the Registrar. If the president is unable to attend, this is noted on the minutes, which are signed by one of the judges who deliberated.
When the judgment is drawn up on an electronic medium, the procedures used must guarantee its integrity and preservation. The judgment drawn up on an electronic medium shall be signed using a qualified electronic signature process that meets the requirements of Decree No. 2017-1416 of 28 September 2017 on electronic signatures.
Withdrawal of the qualification of one or more elements required to produce the signature constitutes a formal defect in the judgment.
The terms of application of this article shall be specified by order of the Minister of Justice.