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Article 49 of the French Code of civil procedure

Any court seised of an application within its jurisdiction hears, even if they require the interpretation of a contract, all the pleas in defence with the exception of those which raise a question falling within the exclusive jurisdiction of another court.

When the solution of a dispute depends on a question raising a serious difficulty and falling within the jurisdiction of the administrative court, the court initially seised refers it to the administrative court with jurisdiction pursuant to Title I of Book III of the Code of Administrative Justice. It shall stay the proceedings until the decision on the question referred for a preliminary ruling.

Original in French 🇫🇷
Article 49

Toute juridiction saisie d’une demande de sa compétence connaît, même s’ils exigent l’interprétation d’un contrat, de tous les moyens de défense à l’exception de ceux qui soulèvent une question relevant de la compétence exclusive d’une autre juridiction.

Lorsque la solution d’un litige dépend d’une question soulevant une difficulté sérieuse et relevant de la compétence de la juridiction administrative, la juridiction judiciaire initialement saisie la transmet à la juridiction administrative compétente en application du titre Ier du livre III du code de justice administrative. Elle sursoit à statuer jusqu’à la décision sur la question préjudicielle.

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