Unless Article 82-1, lack of jurisdiction may be declared of its own motion in the event of a breach of a rule of jurisdiction of attribution where this rule is a matter of public policy or where the defendant does not appear. It can only be pronounced in these cases.
Before the Court of Appeal and before the Court of Cassation, such lack of jurisdiction may be raised ex officio only if the case falls within the jurisdiction of a criminal or administrative court or escapes the knowledge of the French court.