SCALE FOR ASSESSING THE DEGREE OF DISABILITY OF VICTIMS OF MEDICAL ACCIDENTS, IATROGENIC CONDITIONS OR NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE D. 1142-2
I. – NEUROLOGY
Neurological deficits should only be assessed after a sufficiently long period of time (generally around 2 to 3 years and after a longer period in children) in order to assess their permanence and adaptations to disabilities.
It is desirable that the interval between the initial trauma and the final assessment be used to carry out regular reliable medical check-ups.
I. – Sensory-motor deficits of medullary and central origin
A. – Of spinal cord origin
Tetraplegia and paraplegia are always complex clinical entities combining impairment of locomotion (and prehension in the case of tetraplegia), urinary function, genito-sexual function, respiratory function (in the case of the highest lesions) and spinal disorders. These different deficits cannot be dissociated in order to assess the rate of disability by adding them together. In this spirit, the rates proposed below correspond to an overall assessment of the consequences of the injury. However, this overall assessment method should not exempt the expert from describing in detail the nature and importance of the various deficits making up these clinical entities, especially as they depend on the level of injury.
Complete upper tetraplegia. |
Not less than 95%. |
Complete lower tetraplegia (below C6). |
Not less than 85 |
Tetraparesis: walking possible, clumsy prehension possible; depending on walking perimeter and extent of urinary and genito-sexual problems. |
45 à 75 % |
Complete paraplegia: depending on the level of spinal cord damage, which determines any difficulty in prolonged sitting and the nature of urinary and genito-sexual problems. |
70 à 75 % |
Paraparesis: limited walking possible, complete autonomy for everyday activities; depending on the extent of associated urinary, genito-sexual and sensory problems. |
20 à 50 % |
Brown-Séquard syndrome: depending on the extent of sensory motor and genito-sexual disorders. |
15 à 50 % |
B. – Hemispheric, truncal or cerebellar origin
Complete quadriplegia. |
Not less than 95 |
Incomplete quadriplegia: the rate will be assessed by comparison with similar similar deficits and according to the degree of autonomy. |
|
Major hemiplegia: impossible to stand, upper limb unusable, significant cognitive deficit (including aphasia). |
90 % |
Spastic hemiplegia: walking possible with walking sticks, upper limb unusable, depending on the extent of the cognitive deficit and the dominant hemisphere. |
Dominant |
70 % |
|
Non-dominant |
|
60 % |
|
Spastic hemiplegia: walking possible without walking sticks, upper limb usable with clumsiness, depending on the extent of the cognitive deficit and on the dominant hemisphere. |
Dominant |
60 % |
|
Non-dominant |
|
45 % |
|
Monoplegia: the rate depends on the impact on prehension or locomotor function (see Locomotor System chapter). locomotor function (see Locomotor System chapter). |
|
Major cerebellar syndrome: bilateral involvement, almost impossible to walk, ineffective grasping, significant dysarthria. |
80 % à 85 % |
Incomplete cerebellar syndrome: unilateral involvement, without repercussions on locomotion, clumsy grasp on affected side, dysarthria absent or discreet, depending on dominant side. |
10 % à 25 % |
Movement, tone and attitude disorders (tremors, dyskinesias, dystonia), isolated or in the foreground, depending on functional disturbances. |
5 % à 30 % |
Isolated sensory deficits, causing a functional deficit (difficulty walking due to posterior cord involvement posterior cord, difficulty gripping due to involvement of the various senses); depending on severity. |
10 % à 30 % |
C. – Cerebrospinal fluid circulation disorders
Rates must be assessed according to the deficits observed, which are essentially cognitive.
The presence of derivation equipment alone does not justify a rate of disability.
II. – Cognitive deficits
Analysis of neuropsychological deficit syndromes must refer to a precise semiology. The so-called “frontal” syndrome in fact corresponds to entities that are now well defined, with associated deficits of varying degrees of severity, resulting in highly polymorphous clinical pictures.
Assessment of the degree of disability must therefore be based on precise and specialised medical assessments, correlating the initial lesions and the data from clinical and paraclinical examinations.
A. – True frontal syndrome
Major form with apragmatism and loss of autonomy. |
60 à 85 % |
Severe form with impairment of instinctive behaviour, loss of initiative, mood disorders, precarious social and family integration. |
30 à 60 % |
Minor form with distractibility, slowness, difficulty memorising information and developing complex strategies; total autonomy. |
10 à 30 % |
B. – Isolated impairment of certain cognitive functions
Language : |
|
– Major aphasia with jargonophasia, alexia, comprehension problems. |
70 % |
|
10 à 30 % |
Memory : |
|
– massive impairment, complete Korsakoff’s syndrome. |
60 % |
|
15 à 60 % |
|
10 à 15 % |
Total or partial loss of didactic knowledge: |
|
the corresponding rates will be assessed according to the same scale as memory disorders. |
C. – Minor cognitive disorders
In the absence of a true frontal syndrome or isolated impairment of a cognitive function, certain cranial traumas, more or less serious, may leave a syndrome combining: lability of attention, slowness of ideation, difficulty in memorising, intellectual fatigue, intolerance to noise, mood instability, persisting beyond 2 years: 5 to 15%.
D. – Dementia
Dementia states are very heterogeneous due to their clinical polymorphism and varied aetiologies.
True post-traumatic dementia is rare and must be documented by major bilateral anatomical lesions. Alzheimer’s-type dementia is never post-traumatic. However, a proven and severe traumatic event can accelerate the progression of this degenerative process, an acceleration that cannot be translated into a rate of partial permanent disability. The expert will therefore have to compare the modified evolution with the usual evolution of the condition and try to quantify this difference in time.
III. – Mixed cognitive and sensory-motor deficits
These mixed deficits are the characteristic sequelae of severe cranial trauma. They are most often associated with frontal dysfunction, cognitive deficits, behavioural disorders, pyramidal and/or cerebellar syndromes, sensory disorders (hemianopsia, oculomotor paralysis, etc.) corresponding to lesions visualised by imaging.
These combinations produce clinical pictures that differ from one subject to another, such that no precise rate can be proposed as for perfectly individualised sequelae. These deficits will be the subject of an overall assessment.
However, in the context of medico-legal assessment, it is possible to recognise several levels of severity depending on the overall deficit.
Abolition of all useful voluntary activity, loss of all identifiable relational possibilities |
100 % |
Major sensory-motor deficits severely limiting autonomy, associated with cognitive deficits incompatible with a decent social life |
80 à 95 % |
Major cognitive impairment, primarily involving disinhibition and serious behavioural disturbances compromising all socialisation, with sensory-motor deficits but compatible with autonomy for autonomy in the essential activities of daily life |
60 à 80 % |
Cognitive disorders combining permanent disturbance of attention and memory, relative or total loss of initiative initiative and/or self-criticism, inability to manage complex situations, with obvious sensory-motor deficits but compatible with independent daily living. |
40 à 65 % |
Cognitive problems associating obvious slowness of ideation, obvious memory deficit, difficulty in devising complex strategies complex strategies with sensory-motor deficits that have no real functional consequences. |
20 à 40 % |
IV. – Sensory-motor deficits of peripheral origin
A. – Face
Hypotonic complete facial paralysis : |
|
– unilateral |
5 % à 15 % |
– bilateral (exceptional) |
15 à 25 % |
Complete facial haemispasm not amenable to treatment |
up to 10 |
B. – Upper limbs
|
Dominant |
Non-dominant |
Complete brachial plexus paralysis |
60 % |
50 % |
Radial paralysis : |
|
|
– above the tricipital branch |
40 % |
30 % |
– below the tricipital ramus |
30 % |
20 % |
Ulnar paralysis |
20 % |
15 % |
Median nerve paralysis : |
|
|
– in the arm |
35 % |
25 % |
– wrist |
25 % |
15 % |
Circumflex nerve paralysis |
15 % |
10 % |
Dentate major nerve palsy |
8 % |
6 % |
In the case of an incomplete form, the rates proposed above should be corroborated with those proposed for deficits in prehension function.
C. – Lower limbs
Paralysis of the sciatic nerve (above the bifurcation) |
40 à 45 % |
Paralysis of the external popliteal sciatic nerve (fibular nerve) |
20 % |
Paralysis of the medial popliteal sciatic nerve (tibial nerve) |
20 % |
Paralysis of the femoral nerve |
35 % |
In the case of an incomplete form, the rates proposed above should be corroborated with those proposed for deficits in locomotor function.
D. – Deafferentation pain
Whether they are isolated or accompany a sensory-motor deficit, they should be taken into account :
– either by increasing the rate applied to the deficit when it exists ; |
|
– or by a specific disability rate |
5 à 10 % |
E. – Cauda equina syndrome
Depending on the extent of the sensory motor and genital-sphincter disorders: 15 to 50%.
V. – Neuro-sensory deficits
Please refer to the relevant specialities, in particular ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology.
VI. – Epilepsy
A disability rate cannot be proposed without proof of the reality of the cranioencephalic trauma and the reality of the seizures. In these cases, several years’ follow-up (4 years minimum) is essential, in order to take into account the spontaneous evolution of the disorders and the adaptation to treatment.
Isolated EEG abnormalities, in the absence of proven seizures, do not lead to a diagnosis of post-traumatic epilepsy.
A. – Epilepsies with impaired consciousness
(Generalised epilepsies and complex partial epilepsies)
Epilepsies well controlled by well-tolerated treatment : |
10 à 15 % |
Epilepsies that are difficult to control, frequent seizures (several per month), side effects of treatment : |
15 à 35 % |
B. – Epilepsies without disorders of consciousness
Simple partial epilepsies duly authenticated according to the type and frequency of seizures and according to the side effects of treatment: 10 to 30%.
VII. – Special cases
Post-concussive” syndrome persisting beyond 18 months: up to 3%.
II. – PSYCHIATRY
The diagnosis of psychiatric sequelae requires examination by a confirmed specialist. This examination must include not only a precise semiological analysis of the symptoms presented by the injured person, but also a careful longitudinal study of his biography. In all cases, it is essential to discuss the respective roles of any previous condition, the personality, the trauma and any other pathogenic factors.
I. – Traumatic neuroses
(Post-traumatic stress disorder, fear neurosis) (F43.1 of ICD X (1)).
These follow psychic manifestations provoked by the sudden, unpredictable and sudden intrusion of a traumatic event which overwhelms the individual’s defence capacities.
The stress factor must be intense and/or prolonged.
The event must have been memorised.
Symptoms include phobic-type anxiety disorders, avoidance behaviours, a repetition syndrome and personality disorders. Treated very early, traumatic neurosis recovers and returns to its previous state without leaving sequelae constituting a permanent disability. Traumatic neurosis can only be assessed after approximately 2 years.
The determination of permanent disability may be based on the following proposals:
Specific discrete manifestations of anxiety, some painful reminiscences, psychological tension |
up to 3%. |
Specific phobic anxiety with avoidance behaviour and repetition syndrome |
3 à 10 % |
Generalised phobic anxiety with panic attacks, extensive avoidance behaviour, daytime and nocturnal repetition syndrome |
10 à 15 % |
Exceptionally |
up to 20%. |
II. – Persistent mood disorders
In cases of multiple orthopaedic and somatic injuries whose evolution is long and complicated (extensive burns with prolonged care, orthopaedic injuries with repeated surgery, osteitis, etc.), a permanent painful psychological state may persist, corresponding to a :
A resistant depressive state that may justify a permanent disability rate of up to 20%.
A transient depressive reaction in the aftermath of a psychological and/or somatic trauma does not constitute a permanent disability and may be assessed on the basis of the suffering endured.
III. – Acute or chronic psychotic disorders
Psychotic disorders are never caused by trauma.
Certain after-effects of cerebral lesions or hydrocephalus at normal pressure may result in deficits or psychotic-like syndromes which are treated as neurological after-effects.
In the immediate aftermath of a traumatic event, when a major depressive state or manic episode occurs in a patient with bipolar mood disorder, it is legitimate to treat the episode, but not the progression of the pathology.
Certain temporal lesions in the minor hemisphere may produce pseudo-manic disorders which are treated as neurological sequelae.
IV. – Specific aspects
A. – Conversion and somatoform disorders
In view of the difficulty in understanding conversion disorders without referring to non-consensual aetiopathogenic theories, it is advisable, for this type of symptom, to refer to the ICD X (F44) which distinguishes: amnesia, fugue, stupor, trance and possession, motor disorders, sensitivity disorders (persistent somatoform pain syndrome, F 45. 4), disorders of the sense organs.
Before assessing them as sequelae, it is important to know that such disorders :
– they do not correspond to the systemic loss of the affected function ;
– that their psychogenesis is accepted insofar as they may occur in close temporal relationship with traumatic events;
– that the loss of function helps the victim to avoid an unpleasant conflict or to express dependence or resentment indirectly;
– they are associated with characteristic features:
– there is sometimes a “beautiful indifference”, i.e. a surprising attitude of quiet acceptance of a serious disability ;
– their basic personality is usually histrionic and dependent;
– their evolution is unpredictable (they could be induced or lifted by hypnosis):
– they usually improve in a few weeks or months, particularly when the onset is associated with a traumatic event;
– the course may be more protracted (with a more gradual onset) when they involve paralysis or anaesthesia, or when their onset is associated with intractable interpersonal problems or difficulties ;
– that conversion disorders which have already been evolving for more than one or two years prior to psychiatric consultation are often resistant to any treatment.
Taking all these factors into account, and looking back over a period of two to three years, it is possible in some cases to propose a rate of permanent disability which cannot be based on any particular range, given the diversity of clinical expressions.
This assessment can never reach the same rate as that which would be given for a similar clinical picture reflecting an irreversible organic lesion.
B. – Factitious disorders (F68.1 of ICD X)
Intentional production of symptoms in order to play the role of the patient (pathomimicry). Such disorders are never attributable to a traumatic event.
C. – Simulation
Intentional production of symptoms in order to obtain advantages or avoid obligations. Such disorders are never attributable to a traumatic event.
III. – OPHTHALMOLOGY
I. – Visual acuity
The examination will include a separate eye-by-eye determination of central distance and near acuity using the usual optotypes: Monoyer scale or its equivalents for distance vision, at 5 metres; Parinaud scale at normal reading distance for near vision. If there is a discrepancy between the alleged functional signs and the findings of the clinical examination, visual acuity measurements should be supplemented by control tests and, where appropriate, by the study of visual evoked potentials (VEPs).
A refractive disorder that can be fully corrected by optical means will not be considered as an ocular impairment giving rise to disability.
The disability rates are given in table I :
10/10 |
9/10 |
8/10 |
7/10 |
6/10 |
5/10 |
4/10 |
3/10 |
2/10 |
1/10 |
1/20 |
< 1/20 |
Blindness |
|
10/10 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
7 |
12 |
16 |
20 |
23 |
25 |
9/10 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
8 |
14 |
18 |
21 |
24 |
26 |
8/10 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
9 |
15 |
20 |
23 |
25 |
28 |
7/10 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
10 |
16 |
22 |
25 |
28 |
30 |
6/10 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
9 |
12 |
18 |
25 |
29 |
32 |
35 |
5/10 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
10 |
15 |
20 |
30 |
33 |
35 |
40 |
4/10 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
18 |
23 |
35 |
38 |
40 |
45 |
3/10 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
12 |
15 |
18 |
20 |
30 |
40 |
45 |
50 |
55 |
2/10 |
12 |
14 |
15 |
16 |
18 |
20 |
23 |
30 |
40 |
50 |
55 |
60 |
65 |
1/10 |
16 |
18 |
20 |
22 |
25 |
30 |
35 |
40 |
50 |
65 |
68 |
70 |
78 |
1/20 |
20 |
21 |
23 |
25 |
29 |
33 |
38 |
45 |
55 |
68 |
75 |
78 |
80 |
< 1/20 |
23 |
24 |
25 |
28 |
32 |
35 |
40 |
50 |
60 |
70 |
78 |
80 |
82 |
Blindness |
25 |
26 |
28 |
30 |
35 |
40 |
45 |
55 |
65 |
78 |
80 |
82 |
85 |
Table I. – Distance vision
It is accepted that any vision greater than 7/10 corresponds to normal visual efficiency and therefore does not lead to disability.
It is necessary to specify the alterations in visual acuity concerning distance vision on the one hand and near vision on the other.
This is why Table I, which assesses visual disability at a distance, must be supplemented by Table II, which assesses visual disability at close range (quantified at a normal reading distance – after any correction for presbyopia – using the Parinaud scale test).
Table II should only be used in rare cases where there is a significant dissociation between distance and near visual disability. In these cases, the arithmetic mean of the two disabilities should be taken to obtain a rate that corresponds to a more accurate determination of disability.
|
P1,5 |
P2 |
P3 |
P4 |
P5 |
P6 |
P8 |
P10 |
P14 |
P20 |
< P20 |
Blindness |
P1,5 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
6 |
8 |
10 |
13 |
16 |
20 |
23 |
25 |
P2 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
5 |
8 |
10 |
14 |
16 |
18 |
22 |
25 |
28 |
P3 |
2 |
4 |
8 |
9 |
12 |
16 |
20 |
22 |
25 |
28 |
32 |
35 |
P4 |
3 |
5 |
9 |
11 |
15 |
20 |
25 |
27 |
30 |
36 |
40 |
42 |
P5 |
6 |
8 |
12 |
15 |
20 |
26 |
30 |
33 |
36 |
42 |
46 |
50 |
P6 |
8 |
10 |
16 |
20 |
26 |
30 |
32 |
37 |
42 |
46 |
50 |
55 |
P8 |
10 |
14 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
32 |
40 |
46 |
52 |
58 |
62 |
65 |
P10 |
13 |
16 |
22 |
27 |
33 |
37 |
46 |
50 |
58 |
64 |
67 |
70 |
P14 |
16 |
18 |
25 |
30 |
36 |
42 |
52 |
58 |
65 |
70 |
72 |
76 |
P20 |
20 |
22 |
28 |
36 |
42 |
46 |
58 |
64 |
70 |
75 |
78 |
80 |
< P20 |
23 |
25 |
32 |
40 |
46 |
50 |
62 |
67 |
72 |
78 |
80 |
82 |
Blindness |
25 |
28 |
35 |
42 |
50 |
55 |
65 |
70 |
76 |
80 |
82 |
85 |
Table II. – Near vision
A. – Blindness and severe visual impairment
Absolute blindness or total blindness (cannot distinguish between day and night): 85%.
The rate of disability in the case of severe visual impairment results from the reduction in visual acuity (table I) and the impairment of the visual field (diagram 1).
B. – Loss of vision in one eye
Functional loss in one eye (if vision in the other eye is normal): 25%.
In the event of enucleation with the fitting of an ocular prosthesis, the rate of permanent disability remains the same because the purpose of wearing the prosthesis is not to improve function but to improve aesthetics (the mobility and quality of the fitting are assessed as part of the aesthetic loss).
II. – Visual field
The examination will be carried out using the Goldmann dome or equivalent. Only those manifestations that are apparent on the III/4 test will be considered as having a real functional impact and therefore as constituting incapacity. The visual field must be studied binocularly, with both eyes open. Superimposing the tracing on diagram 1 gives the level of disability.
If the central visual field is affected, the examination may be completed by an Amsler test or equivalent, and the disability assessed as mentioned for central and paracentral scotomas.
Diagram 1 shows the level of disability:
Diagram 1: approach to visual field assessment (the broken line represents the limit of the normal binocular visual field for isopter III/4). Each point corresponds to an unperceived gap and 1% PPI. The points are added together. The rectangle in the margin corresponds to the central field.
A. – Hemianopsia
Homonymous lateral hemianopia results in significant disability, much greater than the loss of vision in one eye: the subject actually loses half of his visual field, which is not the case for the one-eyed person. When studied in binocular vision, depending on the value of macular sparing, it justifies rates of 42% or more in the event of an associated drop in visual acuity (whereas monocular blindness does not exceed 25%).
Complete homonymous lateral hemianopia :
– with macular sparing: 42% ;
– with loss of central vision: if macular sparing is partial, calculate the central acuity deficit using table I, then relate it to the remaining post-hemianopic visual capacity (85 – 42 = 43%), and add it to the 42% rate.
Incomplete homonymous lateral hemianopia :
– to be assessed according to diagram 1 ;
– take into account partial macular sparing as above.
Altitudinal hemianopia :
– superior: up to 25% (diagram 1) ;
– inferior: up to 60% (diagram 1).
Double complete lateral or bitemporal hemianopia (depending on pattern 1 and central vision): up to 85%.
Neglect-type hemianopsias have a normal visual field at the perimeter. The reality of the visual neglect and the estimation of its functional consequences will be assessed with the neurologist.
B. – Quadranopsia
Superior: up to 12% (diagram 1).
Lower: up to 30% (diagram 1).
C. – Concentric strictures
In traumatology, they are often due to anorganic manifestations and therefore do not justify PPI.
It is necessary to use multiple control tests, and to compare the clinical picture with the imaging and neurological examination.
However, bilateral organic campimetric narrowing resulting from double hemianopsia should not be overlooked.
D. – Central and paracentral Scotomas
In the case of loss of central vision: use tables I and II (visual acuity).
Paracentral and juxtacentral scotomas with preserved visual acuity (to be assessed on the basis of their extent, determined using the Amsler grid for binocular vision, and their impact on near reading):
– if they affect only one eye: up to 5% ;
– if they affect both eyes: 2 to 10%.
Lateral hemianopic scotomas, which are homonymous with occipital lesions, severely impair reading because they are located in the same place in each eye: 15%.
III. – Oculomotricity disorders
A. – Heterophoria
Disability will only be assessed after orthoptic rehabilitation.
Non-reducible decompensation of heterophoria, depending on discomfort: up to 5%.
Complete paralysis of convergence: 5%.
B. – Diplopia
In the case of oculomotor paralysis, the evaluation of the oculomotor deficit should not give rise to a definitive assessment before eighteen months.
In cases of orbital origin, the oculomotor deficit should not be definitively assessed before six months after the end of any surgical treatment.
Disability due to diplopia depends on the sector concerned, the eccentricity of the field of diplopia in relation to the primary position of gaze and the functional result obtained with any prismatic correction, according to the following diagram:
(Diagram not reproduced)
The study of the fields of diplopia and aplopia must be carried out without any dissociation manoeuvre; for example, by asking the subject to stare at an object and noting the double field of vision.
Permanent diplopia in high positions of gaze |
2 à 10 % |
Permanent diplopia in the lower part of the field |
5 à 20 % |
Permanent diplopia in the lateral field |
2 à 15 % |
Diplopia in all gaze positions without neutralisation and requiring permanent occlusion of one eye |
23% |
The rate will be reduced if the diplopia is reduced by constant neutralisation of the deviated eye or if prismatic correction is possible.
C. – Paralysis of gaze function
Upward paralysis |
3 à 5 % |
Downward paralysis |
10 à 15 % |
Lateral paralysis |
8 à 12 % |
Convergence paralysis |
5 % |
D. – Intrinsic motor deficiencies
Unilateral accommodation paralysis in young subjects |
5 % |
Areactive mydriasis |
5 % |
Total aniridia |
10 % |
Complete miosis of Claude Bernard-Horner syndrome: in the event of functional discomfort |
1 à 3 % |
E. – Impairment of saccades and pursuits
These do not produce any real functional visual signs but rather sensations of imbalance and should be assessed by the ear, nose and throat specialist.
IV. – Lens lesions
The aphakic eye, i.e. deprived of its crystalline lens, can only regain usable vision after compensation by optical equipment. The degree of disability varies greatly depending on whether this compensation is achieved by glasses, contact lenses or implantation of an artificial lens.
The assessment of the degree of disability will therefore take into account the type of optical equipment used, whether the vision is uni or bilateral, age and any loss of visual acuity.
Optical compensation provided by an artificial crystalline lens (pseudo-phakia): 5%.
In children up to the age of 16, the rate will be increased to 7% to take account of the impact of the loss of accommodation on binocular vision.
To this basic rate resulting solely from the disadvantages of pseudophakia, it may be necessary to add that resulting from the loss of visual acuity and other associated sequelae (lacrimation, photophobia, etc.).
If the optical equipment is glasses or contact lenses (aphakia):
– unilateral aphakia : |
|
– if the acuity of the operated eye is less than that of the healthy eye |
10 % |
– if the acuity of the operated eye is greater than that of the healthy eye |
15 % |
– bilateral aphakia |
20 % |
To this rate should be added that resulting from the possible loss of visual acuity and other associated sequelae, without however being able to exceed 25% for a unilateral lesion.
V. – Appendages of the eye
Tearing, ectropion, entropion |
up to 5 |
Obliteration of the lacrimal ducts : |
|
– unilateral |
2 à 5 % |
– bilateral |
4 à 10 % |
Vicious scars (symblépharon, ankyloblépharon) |
up to 5 |
Ptosis (depending on the campimetric deficit) |
up to 10 |
Blepharospasm |
up to 5 |
Alacrymia : |
|
– unilateral |
2 à 5 % |
– bilateral |
4 à 10 % |
Hypoesthesia or anaesthesia in the territory of the infraorbital nerve with dysaesthesia |
3 à 5 % |
VI. – Multiple visual sequelae
The association of sensory or oculomotor sequelae is not uncommon. Assessment of the overall rate of functional impairment cannot be based on simple arithmetic addition: after assessment of the rate of disability resulting from the most significant deficit, the rate of the second disability will be calculated by reference to the remaining visual capacity (it being understood that the loss of all visual capacity is 85%).