Any person employed by one of the persons referred to in articles L. 228-2 to L. 228-3-1 or participating in any capacity whatsoever in its direction or management and having, in the course of its professional activity, knowledge of the information referred to in articles L. 228-1 to L. 228-3-2 is bound by professional secrecy under the conditions and penalties set out in articles 226-13 and 226-14 of the Penal Code. Professional secrecy may not be invoked against the judicial authorities or the Autorité des marchés financiers.