Where the endorsement contains the words “valeur en recouvrement”, “pour encaissement”, “par procuration”, or any other wording implying a simple mandate, the bearer may exercise all the rights deriving from the bill of exchange, but may only endorse it by way of power of attorney.
The obligees may, in this case, raise against the bearer only those defences which would be enforceable against the endorser.
The mandate contained in an endorsement of power of attorney does not terminate by the death of the principal or the occurrence of his incapacity.
Where an endorsement contains the words “valeur en garantie”, “valeur en gage” or any other words implying a pledge, the bearer may exercise all the rights deriving from the bill of exchange, but an endorsement made by him is only valid as an endorsement by way of power of attorney.
Obligees may not invoke against the bearer defences based on their personal relationship with the endorser, unless the bearer, in receiving the bill, has acted knowingly to the detriment of the debtor.