Once the authorisation provided for in Article L. 5121-8, the Agence nationale de sécurité du médicament et des produits de santé may, under conditions laid down by decree in the Conseil d’Etat, require the holder of the authorisation to carry out, within a period set by the Agency:
1° Post-authorisation safety studies if there are concerns about the safety risks presented by an authorised medicinal product;
2° Post-authorisation efficacy studies when the understanding of the disease or the clinical methodology reveals that previous efficacy assessments may need to be significantly revised;
3° Specific monitoring of the risk, its complications and its medico-social management, through a register of affected patients, when the medicinal product, although withdrawn, is likely to cause a serious adverse reaction.
The studies mentioned in 1° and 2° are carried out as close as possible to the actual conditions of care, i.e. in comparison with the reference treatments available where these exist.