Section 3: Transmission

Where the endorsement contains the words “valeur en recouvrement”, “pour encaissement”, “par procuration”, or any other words implying a simple mandate, the bearer may exercise all the rights arising from the cheque, but may only endorse the cheque by way of power of attorney. In this case, the debtors may only invoke against the bearer the defences that may be invoked against the endorser. The mandate contained in an endorsement…

An endorsement made after the protest or after the expiry of the time limit for presentation only produces the effects of an ordinary assignment. In the absence of proof to the contrary, an undated endorsement is presumed to have been made before the protest or before the expiry of the time limit for presentation. It is forbidden to backdate orders on pain of forgery.