Article R2124-3 of the French Public procurement code
The contracting authority may award its contracts using the procedure with negotiation in the following cases: 1° When the need cannot be met without adapting immediately available solutions; 2° When the need consists of an innovative solution. New or substantially improved works, supplies or services are considered innovative. The innovative nature may consist in the implementation of new production or construction processes, a new marketing method or a new organisational…