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Article 1402 of the French Civil Code

All property, whether movable or immovable, is deemed to be acquired by the community unless it is proved that it belongs to one of the spouses by application of a provision of the law.

If the property is one which does not in itself bear proof or mark of its origin, the personal ownership of the spouse, if it is contested, must be established in writing. In the absence of an inventory or other pre-constituted evidence, the judge may take into consideration any written documents, in particular family titles, registers and domestic papers, as well as bank documents and invoices. He may even admit proof by testimony or presumption, if he finds that a spouse was materially or morally unable to obtain a writing.

Original in French 🇫🇷
Article 1402

Tout bien, meuble ou immeuble, est réputé acquêt de communauté si l’on ne prouve qu’il est propre à l’un des époux par application d’une disposition de la loi.

Si le bien est de ceux qui ne portent pas en eux-mêmes preuve ou marque de leur origine, la propriété personnelle de l’époux, si elle est contestée, devra être établie par écrit. A défaut d’inventaire ou autre preuve préconstituée, le juge pourra prendre en considération tous écrits, notamment titres de famille, registres et papiers domestiques, ainsi que documents de banque et factures. Il pourra même admettre la preuve par témoignage ou présomption, s’il constate qu’un époux a été dans l’impossibilité matérielle ou morale de se procurer un écrit.

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