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Article 583 of the French Code of civil procedure

Any person who has an interest therein is admissible to lodge third-party proceedings, provided that he was neither a party nor represented in the judgment which he is contesting.

The creditors and other successors in title of a party may, however, lodge third-party proceedings against a judgment given in fraud of their rights or if they rely on pleas that are specific to them.

In non-contentious matters, third-party opposition is only available to third parties who have not been notified of the decision; it is also available against final judgments even if they have been notified of the decision.

Original in French 🇫🇷
Article 583
Est recevable à former tierce opposition toute personne qui y a intérêt, à la condition qu’elle n’ait été ni partie ni représentée au jugement qu’elle attaque.

Les créanciers et autres ayants cause d’une partie peuvent toutefois former tierce opposition au jugement rendu en fraude de leurs droits ou s’ils invoquent des moyens qui leur sont propres.

En matière gracieuse, la tierce opposition n’est ouverte qu’aux tiers auxquels la décision n’a pas été notifiée ; elle l’est également contre les jugements rendus en dernier ressort même si la décision leur a été notifiée.

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