Any European investigation decision sent to the French authorities must be issued or validated by a judicial authority. This decision may concern, in the issuing State, either criminal proceedings or proceedings which do not relate to criminal offences but which are brought against natural or legal persons by administrative or judicial authorities for acts punishable in the issuing State as infringements of the rules of law and by a decision which may give rise to an appeal before a court having jurisdiction, in particular in criminal matters.