The parties are exempted from having to constitute a lawyer in the cases provided for by law or regulation and in the following cases:
1° In matters falling within the jurisdiction of the protection litigation judge;
2° In the matters listed by articles R. 211-3-13 to R. 211-3-16, R. 211-3-18 à R. 211-3-21, R. 211-3-23 of the Code of Judicial Organisation and in the matters listed in Table IV-II annexed to the Code of Judicial Organisation ;
3° Excluding matters falling within the exclusive jurisdiction of the judicial court, where the claim is for an amount less than or equal to 10,000 euros or has as its object an unspecified claim originating in the performance of an obligation the amount of which does not exceed 10,000 euros. The amount of the claim is assessed in accordance with the provisions of Articles 35 to 37. Where the effect of an incidental application is to make the written procedure applicable or to make representation by a lawyer compulsory, the judge may, of his own motion or if a party so requests, refer the case to a future hearing held in accordance with the applicable procedure and invite the parties to constitute a lawyer.
In matters falling within the exclusive jurisdiction of the judicial court which are not exempt from the requirement to be represented by a lawyer, the parties are required to constitute a lawyer regardless of the amount to which the application relates.
The State, departments, regions, municipalities and public establishments may be represented or assisted by a civil servant or an agent of their administration.