The payment of a bill of exchange may be guaranteed for all or part of its amount by an aval.
This guarantee is provided by a third party or even by a signatory of the bill.
The aval is given either on the bill of exchange or on an allonge, or by a separate deed indicating the place where it was made.
It is expressed by the words “bon pour aval” or by any other equivalent formula; it is signed by the giver of the aval.
It is considered to result from the sole signature of the giver of the aval affixed to the front of the bill of exchange, except when it is the signature of the drawee or that of the drawer.
The aval must indicate on whose behalf it is given. Failing this indication, it is deemed to be given for the drawer.
The giver of an endorsement is bound in the same manner as the person he has guaranteed.
His undertaking is valid, even if the obligation he has guaranteed would be void for any reason other than a formal defect.
When he pays the bill of exchange, the giver of the guarantee acquires the rights resulting from the bill of exchange against the guaranteed party and against those who are bound to the latter by virtue of the bill of exchange.