Any manufacturer, importer or distributor of active substances as defined by Article L. 5138-2 who carries out his activity without having been authorised to do so by the Agence nationale de sécurité du médicament et des produits de santé (French National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products) pursuant to and under the conditions set out in Article L. 5138-1 is liable to two years’ imprisonment and a fine of €150,000.