I. – A concentration is effected:
1° Where two or more previously independent undertakings merge;
2° Where one or more persons, already holding control of at least one undertaking or where one or more undertakings acquire, directly or indirectly, whether by acquisition of a stake in the capital or purchase of assets, contract or any other means, control of the whole or parts of one or more other undertakings.
II. – The creation of a joint venture performing on a lasting basis all the functions of an autonomous economic entity shall constitute a concentration within the meaning of this Article.
III. – For the purposes of this Title, control derives from rights, contracts or other means which confer, either alone or jointly and having regard to the circumstances of fact or law, the possibility of exercising a decisive influence on the activity of an undertaking, and in particular:
– rights of ownership or use over all or part of the assets of an undertaking;
– rights or contracts which confer a decisive influence on the composition, deliberations or decisions of the organs of an undertaking.