A contracting entity may award a contract without prior advertising or competitive tendering:
1° For the purposes of research, experimentation, study or development, without the objective of profitability or amortisation of research and development costs. The award of such a contract must not prejudice the competitive tendering of subsequent contracts which pursue the same objectives;
2° The object of which is the purchase of supplies which can be acquired by taking advantage of a particularly advantageous opportunity which arises within a very short period of time and for which the price to be paid is considerably lower than the prices normally charged on the market.