Paragraph 1: General principles.

The father and mother exercise parental authority jointly. Parental authority is exercised jointly in the case provided for in article 342-11. However, where parentage is established with regard to one of them more than one year after the birth of a child whose parentage is already established with regard to the other, the latter remains solely vested with the exercise of parental authority. The same applies when filiation is judicially…

With regard to third parties acting in good faith, each parent is deemed to act with the agreement of the other when he or she alone performs a customary act of parental authority in relation to the person of the child.

A father or mother who is unable to express his or her will due to incapacity, absence or any other cause is deprived of the exercise of parental authority.

If one of the father and mother dies or is deprived of the exercise of parental authority, the other shall exercise this authority alone, unless he or she has been deprived of it by a previous court decision.