As an exception to article L. 612-1, the administrative authority may refuse to grant a period of voluntary departure in the following cases:
1° The foreign national’s behaviour constitutes a threat to public order;
2° The foreign national has been refused the issue or renewal of his or her residence permit, the provisional document issued in connection with an application for a residence permit or his or her provisional residence authorisation on the grounds that his or her application was manifestly unfounded or fraudulent;
3° There is a risk that the foreign national will evade the decision imposing an obligation to leave French territory to which he or she is subject.