I. – Listed property investment companies are defined as joint stock companies listed on a regulated market in accordance with Directive 2004/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 on markets in financial instruments amending Council Directives 85/611/EEC and 93/6/EEC and Directive 2000/12/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Council Directive 93/22/EEC, whose share capital is not less than EUR 15 million, whose main purpose is the acquisition or construction of buildings with a view to letting them, or the direct or indirect holding of interests in persons referred to in Article 8 and in 1, 2 and 3 of article 206 whose corporate purpose is identical.
The capital or voting rights of the companies referred to in the first paragraph must not be held, directly or indirectly, to the extent of 60% or more by one or more persons acting in concert within the meaning of Article L. 233-10 of the French Commercial Code. This condition is assessed on a continuous basis during each financial year in which this scheme applies. It does not apply where the person or persons acting in concert referred to in the first sentence are companies referred to in the first paragraph.
If, during a financial year, following a public takeover bid or public exchange offer within the meaning of Article L. 433-1 of the Monetary and Financial Code, a restructuring operation as referred to in Article 210-0 A, or a conversion or redemption of bonds into shares, the capital or voting rights of a company referred to in the first paragraph become 60% or more owned under the conditions referred to in the first sentence of the previous paragraph, the holding conditions are deemed to have been met if this holding rate is reduced to below 60% on expiry of the period provided for in the second paragraph of 1 of article 223 for filing the income tax return for that financial year.
At least 15% of the capital and voting rights of the companies referred to in the first paragraph must be held by persons who each hold, directly or indirectly, less than 2% of the capital and voting rights. This condition is assessed on the first day of the first financial year in which this scheme applies.
II. – The listed property investment companies referred to in I and their subsidiaries that are at least 95% owned, either individually or jointly by several listed property investment companies, directly or indirectly, continuously throughout the financial year, that are subject to corporation tax and that have the same object, may opt for exemption from corporation tax for the portion of their profits derived from the rental of buildings, the subletting of leased buildings or buildings whose enjoyment has been granted on a temporary basis by the State, a local authority or one of their public establishments, and capital gains on disposals to unrelated persons within the meaning of 12 of l’article 39 of immovable property, rights in rem listed in the sixth paragraph, rights relating to a leasing contract relating to immovable property and shareholdings in persons referred to in Article 8 or in subsidiaries subject to this regime.
95% of the exempt profits from the leasing of buildings and the subleasing of buildings leased or temporarily leased by the State, a local authority or one of their public establishments must be distributed before the end of the financial year following the year in which they are realised.
Exempt profits from the disposal of buildings, real rights listed in the sixth paragraph, rights relating to a leasing contract relating to a building and holdings in persons referred to in the article 8 or in subsidiaries subject to this regime must be distributed up to 70% before the end of the second financial year following that in which they are realised.
Income from holdings deducted from profits exempt pursuant to the first and present paragraphs is exempt if it is distributed during the financial year following that in which it is received by a company that has opted for this regime. However, where the payer and recipient companies are two of the companies referred to in the first paragraph of I, the income is only exempt if the company receiving the distribution holds securities representing at least 5% of the capital and voting rights of the distributing company for a minimum period of two years. The first sentence also applies to income from shareholdings distributed by foreign companies having an identical activity to those mentioned in the same I and which are exempt, in the State in which they have their place of effective management, from that State’s corporation tax or by the companies referred to in 3° nonies of Article 208, and received by a company referred to in the first paragraph of I, on condition that the latter holds securities representing at least 5% of the capital and voting rights of the distributing company for a minimum period of two years.
For the purposes of these provisions, the transactions referred to in the first paragraph and carried out by the bodies referred to in Article 8 are deemed to be carried out by the members, where the latter are eligible for the benefit of this scheme, to the extent of their shareholding.
For the purposes of these provisions, properties are understood to be those held in full ownership, as well as those operated as the holder of a usufruct or as the lessee of a construction lease or an emphyteutic lease.
II bis. – Capital gains on the sale of buildings, real rights and rights relating to a leasing contract relating to a building, referred to in II, between a listed property investment company and its subsidiaries referred to in II or III bis or between companies placed under the taxation regime provided for in II are not subject to corporation tax, where there are links of dependency between these companies within the meaning of 12 of Article 39.
The application of these provisions is subject to the condition that the transferee company undertakes in the deed of transfer to comply, in respect of the capital gains referred to in the first paragraph, with the requirements set out in c and d of 3 and 5 of Article 210 A. The reintegrations, prescribed in d of 3 of article 210 A, constitute items of income subject to the distribution obligations mentioned in the second paragraph of II.
II ter. – When income is distributed or deemed to be distributed by a listed real estate investment company referred to in I to a shareholder other than an individual holding, directly or indirectly, at least 10% of the capital of this company, and the income received by this shareholder is not subject to corporation tax or an equivalent tax, the distributing company must pay a levy equal to 20% of the amount of the sums, before any deduction of the levy, distributed to this shareholder and taken from income exempted pursuant to II. The levy base is reduced by the sums distributed from products received that have already borne this levy.
However, the levy is not due if the beneficiary of the distribution is a company subject to an obligation to fully distribute the dividends it receives and whose shareholders holding, directly or indirectly, at least 10% of its capital are subject to corporation tax or an equivalent tax on the distributions they receive.
For the application of the first and second paragraphs of this II ter, the income received is not considered to be subject to corporation tax or an equivalent tax when it is exempt or subject to a tax the amount of which is more than two-thirds lower than the corporation tax that would have been due under the conditions of ordinary law in France.
Holding 10% of the capital means holding 10% of the dividend rights and is assessed at the time the distributions are paid out.
This levy is paid spontaneously to the competent public accountant, in the month following the payment of the distributions. It is collected and audited in the same way as corporate income tax and subject to the same guarantees and penalties. It is neither chargeable nor refundable. It is not deductible in determining the income of the distributing company.
III. – The option must be notified at the latest before the end of the fourth month of the opening of the financial year in respect of which the company wishes to be subject to this regime, with the exception of the financial year ending in 2003 for which the option must be notified before 30 September 2003.
This option is irrevocable.
III bis. – Companies subject to corporation tax mentioned in 3° of I of article L. 214-36 of the Monetary and Financial Code and whose object is identical to that of the listed property investment companies referred to in I may opt under the conditions of III for the taxation system provided for in II when they are at least 95% owned, directly or indirectly and continuously during the financial year, individually or jointly by one or more open-ended real estate investment trusts (sociétés de placement à prépondérance immobilière à capital variable) referred to in 3° nonies of Article 208 or by one or more open-ended real estate investment trusts (sociétés de placement à prépondérance immobilière à capital variable) referred to in 3° nonies of article 208 and one or more listed property investment companies referred to in I.
IV. – If the listed real estate investment company opts out of this regime within ten years of the option, the capital gains taxed at the rate referred to in IV of article 219 are taxed at the rate provided for in I of said article in respect of the year of exit, after deduction of the tax paid under IV of the same article. In addition, the listed real estate investment company and its subsidiaries referred to in II must reintegrate into their respective taxable income a sum corresponding to the distributable profit at the end of the financial year in which the present regime is withdrawn, within the meaning of the first paragraph of Article L. 232-11 of the French Commercial Code, and corresponding to profits exempted under II. The amount of corporation tax due is increased by the tax due in respect of, on the one hand, the amount of capital gains tax that would have been due pursuant to the fifth paragraph if the company had not opted out of this scheme, and on the other hand, the tax at the rate of 25% on the sum, less one tenth per calendar year elapsed since entry into this scheme, of unrealised capital gains since that date relating to buildings, real rights mentioned in the first and sixth paragraphs of II or relating to a leasing contract relating to a building and holdings in persons mentioned in Article 8.
If the listed real estate investment company does not comply with the 60% holding ceiling provided for in the second paragraph of I, it is subject to corporation tax under the conditions of ordinary law in respect of the financial years during which the condition is not complied with.
The taxable capital gain realised on the disposal of a property is, however, reduced by the amount of depreciation deducted from exempt income pursuant to II. The first paragraph becomes applicable if this holding ceiling is not complied with at the end of the financial year during which the excess was noted or if this ceiling is not complied with more than once for a reason other than one of those provided for in the third paragraph of I during the ten years following the option or during the ten following years. In this case, the listed real estate investment company exits this regime, within the meaning of the first paragraph, in respect of the financial year during which the excess was noted and the distributable profit is assessed at the close of the financial year during which the excess was noted.
The merger of two listed real estate investment companies does not constitute an exit if the acquiring company undertakes, in the merger deed, to substitute itself for the acquired company for the distribution obligations provided for in the second to fourth paragraphs of II.
By way of exception to 2 of article 221, net taxable capital gains relating to property, rights in rem listed in the last paragraph of II, rights relating to a leasing contract and shares in the bodies mentioned in the fifth paragraph of the same II included in the assets of companies which have opted for the regime provided for in the said II and which once again meet the condition of the 60% holding limit referred to in the second paragraph of I, and of their subsidiaries within the meaning of the same II, are limited to the unrealised capital gains acquired since the first day of the financial year during which this limit was not met. Unrealised capital gains other than those referred to in the previous sentence are not subject to immediate taxation provided that no changes are made to the accounting entries.
If, during the course of a financial year, the capital of a listed property investment company becomes at least 95% owned, directly or indirectly, by another listed property investment company, the acquired company may become a subsidiary within the meaning of the first paragraph of II provided that it satisfies the distribution obligations set out in II. In this situation, the consequences of the acquired company leaving the scheme are not applied, insofar as it remains a subsidiary until expiry of the ten-year period referred to in the first paragraph.
V. – A decree lays down the conditions of the option and the reporting obligations of the companies referred to in II and IIIa subject to this regime.