Insurance may be taken out under a general or special mandate, or even without a mandate, on behalf of a specific person. In the latter case, the insurance benefits the person on whose behalf it was taken out, even though ratification would not take place until after the loss.
The insurance may also be taken out on behalf of whomever it may concern. The clause is valid both as insurance for the benefit of the policyholder and as a stipulation for third parties for the benefit of the known or potential beneficiary of the clause.
The subscriber of an insurance contract taken out on behalf of whomsoever is solely liable to the insurer for payment of the premium; any exceptions that the insurer may raise against him or her may also be raised against the beneficiary of the contract, whoever he or she may be.