The consumer associations mentioned in article L. 621-1 and acting under the conditions specified in this article may request the civil court, ruling on the civil action, or the criminal court, ruling on the civil action, to order the defendant or the accused, where appropriate under a fine, to take any measure intended to put a stop to unlawful conduct or to remove an unlawful clause from the contract or type of contract offered to consumers or from any contract in the process of being performed.