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Article L654-1 of the French Commercial code

The provisions of this section apply:

1° To any person exercising a commercial or craft activity, to any farmer and to any natural person exercising an independent professional activity, including a liberal profession subject to a legislative or regulatory status or whose title is protected;

2° To any person who has, directly or indirectly, in law or in fact, managed or wound up a legal entity governed by private law;

3° To natural persons who are permanent representatives of legal entities who manage the legal entities defined in 2° above.

Original in French 🇫🇷
Article L654-1

Les dispositions de la présente section sont applicables :

1° A toute personne exerçant une activité commerciale ou artisanale, à tout agriculteur et à toute personne physique exerçant une activité professionnelle indépendante, y compris une profession libérale soumise à un statut législatif ou réglementaire ou dont le titre est protégé ;

2° A toute personne qui a, directement ou indirectement, en droit ou en fait, dirigé ou liquidé une personne morale de droit privé ;

3° Aux personnes physiques représentants permanents de personnes morales dirigeants des personnes morales définies au 2° ci-dessus.

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