TITLE V: Liabilities and sanctions.

I.-When receivership or compulsory liquidation proceedings are opened, the provisions of this chapter are applicable to: 1° Natural persons exercising a commercial or craft activity, farmers and any other natural person exercising an independent professional activity including a liberal profession subject to a legislative or regulatory status or whose title is protected; 2° Natural persons, de jure or de facto managers of legal persons; 3° Natural persons, permanent representatives of…

Personal bankruptcy entails a ban on directing, managing, administering or controlling, directly or indirectly, any commercial or craft enterprise, any farm or any enterprise with any other independent activity and any legal person.

I.-The court may declare the personal bankruptcy of any person mentioned in 1° of I of Article L. 653-1 , subject to the exceptions provided for in the last paragraph of I of the same article, against whom one of the following facts has been identified: 1° Having abusively pursued a loss-making operation which could only lead to the cessation of payments; 2° (Repealed). 3° Having misappropriated or concealed all…

The court may declare the personal bankruptcy of any director, de jure or de facto, of a legal person, against whom one of the following facts has been identified: 1° Having disposed of the assets of the legal person as if they were his own; 2° Under cover of the legal person masking his actions, having carried out commercial acts in a personal interest; 3° Having made use of the…

The court may declare the personal bankruptcy of any person mentioned in Article L. 653-1 against whom one of the following facts has been established: 1° Having exercised a commercial, craft or agricultural activity or a function of management or administration of a legal entity contrary to a prohibition provided for by law; 2° Having, with the intention of avoiding or delaying the opening of receivership or compulsory liquidation proceedings,…