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Article 390 of the French Civil Code

Guardianship is established when both the father and mother are deceased or are deprived of the exercise of parental authority. It is also established in respect of a child whose parentage has not been legally established. There is no derogation from the specific laws governing the child welfare service. .

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Article 391 of the French Civil Code

In the case of legal administration, the guardianship judge may, at any time and for serious cause, either ex officio or at the request of relatives or allies or the public prosecutor, decide to open guardianship after hearing or calling, except in an emergency, the legal administrator. The latter may not carry out any act of disposal from the time of the application until the final judgment except in an…

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Article 392 of the French Civil Code

If a child is recognised by either parent after guardianship has been opened, the guardianship judge may, at the request of that parent, decide to substitute legal administration for guardianship.

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Article 393 of the French Civil Code

Without prejudice to the provisions of Article 392, guardianship ends when the minor becomes emancipated or reaches majority. It is also terminated in the event of a final discharge judgment or the death of the person concerned.

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Article 395 of the French Civil Code

Not entitled to exercise the various offices of guardianship: 1° Unemancipated minors, unless they are the father or mother of the minor under guardianship; 2° Adults who benefit from a legal protection measure provided for by this code; 3° Persons from whom parental authority has been withdrawn; 4° Persons from whom the exercise of guardianship charges has been prohibited pursuant to article 131-26 of the Penal Code.

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Article 396 of the French Civil Code

Any tutelary office may be withdrawn because of the unfitness, negligence, misconduct or fraud of the person to whom it has been entrusted. The same applies where a dispute or conflict of interests prevents the holder of the office from exercising it in the interests of the minor. Any person to whom a tutelary office has been entrusted may be replaced in the event of a significant change in his…

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Article 397 of the French Civil Code

The family council rules on impediments, withdrawals and replacements that concern the tutor and subrogated tutor. The guardianship judge rules on those that concern the other members of the family council. A tutelary office may only be withdrawn, by the person who entrusted it, after the holder has been heard or called. The judge may, if he considers that there is an emergency, prescribe provisional measures in the interest of…

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Article 399 of the French Civil Code

The guardianship judge appoints the members of the family council for the duration of the guardianship. The family council is made up of at least four members, including the guardian and the subrogated guardian, but not the judge. Members of the family council may include the parents and relatives of the minor’s father and mother and any person, resident in France or abroad, who shows an interest in the minor….

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