Title X: Minority, guardianship and emancipation

A minor is an individual of either sex who has not yet reached the age of eighteen years. Bone X-ray examinations for the purpose of determining age, in the absence of valid identity documents and where the alleged age is not likely, may only be carried out by decision of the judicial authority and after obtaining the consent of the person concerned. The conclusions of these examinations, which must specify…

In any proceedings concerning him or her, a minor capable of discernment may, without prejudice to the provisions providing for his or her intervention or consent, be heard by the judge or, where his or her interests so require, by the person designated by the judge for that purpose. Such a hearing is as of right where the minor so requests. If the minor refuses to be heard, the judge…

The legal administrator represents the minor in all acts of civil life, except in cases where the law or custom authorises minors to act themselves.

A minor who has reached the age of sixteen may be authorised, by his or her legal administrator(s), to perform alone the acts of administration necessary for the creation and management of an individual limited liability company or a single-member company. Acts of disposal may only be carried out by his legal administrator(s). The authorisation referred to in the first paragraph takes the form of a private deed or a…

Where, in proceedings, the interests of a minor appear to be in opposition to those of his legal representatives, the guardianship judge under the conditions provided for in Article 383 or, failing this, the judge hearing the proceedings shall appoint an ad hoc administrator to represent the minor. In the context of educational assistance proceedings, the ad hoc administrator appointed pursuant to the first paragraph of this article must be…