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Article 1108 of the French Civil Code

The contract is commutative when each of the parties undertakes to procure for the other a benefit which is regarded as equivalent to that which he receives. It is random when the parties agree to make the effects of the contract, in terms of the benefits and losses that will result, depend on an uncertain event.

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Article 1109 of the French Civil Code

A contract is consensual when it is formed by the mere exchange of consents whatever the mode of expression. A contract is solemn when its validity is subject to forms determined by law. A contract is real when its formation is subject to the delivery of a thing.

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Article 1110 of the French Civil Code

An OTC contract is one in which the stipulations are negotiable between the parties. An adhesion contract is one that includes a set of non-negotiable clauses, determined in advance by one of the parties.

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Article 1111 of the French Civil Code

The framework contract is an agreement by which the parties agree on the general characteristics of their future contractual relationship. Implementing contracts specify the terms and conditions of the contract.

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Article 1111-1 of the French Civil Code

An instantaneous performance contract is one in which the obligations can be performed in a single performance. A successive performance contract is one in which the obligations of at least one party are performed in several performances staggered over time.

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Article 1112 of the French Civil Code

The initiative, conduct and termination of pre-contractual negotiations are free. They must imperatively satisfy the requirements of good faith. In the event of fault committed in the negotiations, compensation for the resulting loss may not be intended to compensate for either the loss of benefits expected from the contract not concluded, or the loss of opportunity to obtain such benefits.

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Article 1112-1 of the French Civil Code

Either party who is aware of information whose importance is decisive for the consent of the other must inform the other of this fact if the latter is legitimately unaware of this information or trusts his co-contractor. However, this duty to inform does not relate to the estimation of the value of the performance. Information which has a direct and necessary connection with the content of the contract or the…

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Article 1113 of the French Civil Code

The contract is formed by the meeting of an offer and an acceptance by which the parties manifest their will to commit themselves. This will may result from a declaration or unequivocal conduct of its author.

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Article 1114 of the French Civil Code

The offer, which may be made to a specific or unspecified person, includes the essential elements of the proposed contract and expresses the offeror’s intention to be bound in the event of acceptance. Failing this, there is only an invitation to enter into negotiations.

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