Book II: Property and the various changes in ownership

The usufruct may also cease through the abuse that the usufructuary makes of his enjoyment, either by committing damage to the land, or by allowing it to decay for lack of maintenance. The creditors of the usufructuary may intervene in disputes to preserve their rights; they may offer reparation for damage committed and guarantees for the future. Judges may, depending on the seriousness of the circumstances, either pronounce the absolute…

Usufruct, which is not granted to individuals, lasts for only thirty years.

Usufruct granted until a third party has reached a fixed age lasts until that time, even if the third party has died before the fixed age.

In the event of the simultaneous sale of the usufruct and bare ownership of a property, the price is divided between the usufruct and bare ownership according to the respective value of each of these rights, unless the parties agree to defer the usufruct to the price. The sale of the property encumbered by usufruct, without the agreement of the usufructuary, does not alter the right of the latter, who…

The usufructuary’s creditors may have any waiver made by him to their prejudice annulled.

If only part of the thing subject to the usufruct is destroyed, the usufruct is retained on what remains.

If the usufruct is established over a building only, and that building is destroyed by fire or other accident, or collapses from disrepair, the usufructuary will have no right to enjoy either the soil or the materials. If the usufruct were established over an estate of which the building formed part, the usufructuary would enjoy both the soil and the materials.