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Article 1054 of the French Civil Code

If the encumbered person is a reserved heir of the disposing person, the charge may only be imposed on the available portion. The donee may, however, accept, in the deed of gift or subsequently in a deed drawn up under the conditions provided for in Article 930, that the charge encumbers all or part of his reserve. The legatee may, within a period of one year from the day on…

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Article 1055 of the French Civil Code

The author of a gradual donation may revoke it in respect of the second gratified person as long as the latter has not notified the donor of his acceptance in the manner required for donations. By way of derogation from article 932, a gradual gift may be accepted by the second recipient after the donor’s death.

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Article 1056 of the French Civil Code

When the second gratified predeceases the indebted person or renounces the benefit of the gradual liberality, the property or rights that were the subject of it depend on the estate of the indebted person, unless the deed expressly provides that his heirs may receive it or designates another second gratified person.

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Article 1058 of the French Civil Code

A residual gift does not oblige the first beneficiary to keep the property received. It obliges him to pass on the surviving property. Where the property, the subject of the residual liberality, has been alienated by the first gratified, the rights of the second beneficiary are carried over neither to the proceeds of such alienations nor to the new property acquired.

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Article 1059 of the French Civil Code

The first beneficiary may not dispose of the property given or bequeathed as a residual gift by will. The residual gift may prohibit the first beneficiary from disposing of the property by gift inter vivos. However, where he or she is a reserved heir, the first beneficiary retains the possibility of disposing inter vivos or mortis causa of the property that has been given in advance of the share of…

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Article 1075 of the French Civil Code

Any person may make, between his presumptive heirs, the distribution and division of his property and rights. This act may be made in the form of a gift-sharing or a testament-sharing. It is subject to the formalities, conditions and rules prescribed for gifts inter vivos in the first case and for wills in the second.

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