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Article L511-34 of the French Commercial code

If the person who has lost the bill of exchange, whether accepted or not, is unable to represent any following, he may request payment of the lost bill of exchange and obtain it by the judge’s order by proving his ownership by his books and by giving security.

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Article L511-35 of the French Commercial code

In the event of refusal of payment, on the request made under the two preceding articles, the owner of the lost bill of exchange retains all his rights by an act of protest. This deed must be made on the day following the due date of the lost bill of exchange. The notices prescribed by article L. 511-42 must be given to the drawer and endorsers within the time limits…

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Article L511-36 of the French Commercial code

The owner of the lost bill of exchange must, in order to obtain the next one, apply to his immediate endorser who is obliged to lend him his name and care to act towards his own endorser, and so backwards from endorser to endorser to the drawer of the bill. The owner of the lost bill of exchange bears the costs.

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Article L511-38 of the French Commercial code

I. – The bearer may exercise his remedies against the endorsers, the drawer and the other obligees: 1° On maturity, if payment has not taken place; 2° Even before maturity: a) If there has been a total or partial refusal of acceptance; b) In the event of safeguard, reorganisation or judicial winding-up proceedings of the drawee, whether acceptor or not, cessation of its payments even if not recorded by a…

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Article L511-39 of the French Commercial code

Refusal of acceptance or payment must be recorded in a notarised deed known as a protest faute d’acceptation or faute de paiement. The protest in default of acceptance must be made within the time limits fixed for presentation for acceptance. If, in the case provided for in the first paragraph of Article L. 511-16, the first presentation took place on the last day of the time limit, the protest may…

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Article L511-40 of the French Commercial code

Where the bearer agrees to receive in payment either an ordinary cheque, a mandate to transfer funds to the Banque de France, or a postal cheque, the cheque or mandate must indicate the number and maturity of the instruments thus paid. However, this indication is not required for cheques or money orders created for the settlement between bankers of the balance of transactions carried out between them through a clearing…

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