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Article L131-42 of the French Monetary and Financial Code

To obtain a second lost cheque, the owner of the cheque must contact the immediate endorser, who is required to lend his name and care to act towards his own endorser, going from endorser to endorser right up to the drawer of the cheque. The owner of the lost cheque bears the costs.

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Article L131-44 of the French Monetary and Financial Code

The drawer or bearer of a cheque may cross it with the effects indicated in the following article. The cheque is crossed by means of two parallel bars on the front. It may be general or special. The bar is general if it does not bear any designation or the word “banker” or an equivalent term between the two bars; it is special if the name of a banker is…

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Article L131-45 of the French Monetary and Financial Code

A cheque with a general bar may only be paid by the drawee to a banker, an electronic money institution, a payment institution, a head of a postal cheque centre or a customer of the drawee. A specially crossed cheque may only be paid by the drawee to the banker, electronic money institution or designated payment institution or, if the banker is the drawee, to its customer. However, the banker,…

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Article L131-49 of the French Monetary and Financial Code

The bearer must give notice of non-payment to his endorser and to the drawer within four working days of the day of protest and, in the case of a no-fee return clause, on the day of presentation. Where the cheque indicates the name and address of the drawer, notaries and bailiffs are obliged, on pain of damages, to inform the drawer within forty-eight hours of registration, by registered letter, of…

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Article L131-50 of the French Monetary and Financial Code

The drawer, an endorser or a guarantor may, by means of the clause “return without charge”, “without protest”, or any other equivalent clause, inscribed on the document and signed, exempt the bearer, in order to exercise his remedies, from having a protest drawn up. This clause does not relieve the bearer of the obligation to present the cheque within the prescribed time or to give notice. The burden of proving…

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Article L131-51 of the French Monetary and Financial Code

All persons obligated under a cheque are jointly and severally liable to the bearer. The bearer has the right to take action against all these persons, individually or collectively, without being obliged to observe the order in which they have obliged themselves. The same right belongs to any signatory of a cheque who has reimbursed it. An action brought against one of the debtors does not prevent action against the…

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