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Article 888 of the French Civil Code

A co-sharer who has alienated his lot in whole or in part is no longer entitled to bring an action based on fraud, mistake or violence, if the alienation he has made is subsequent to the discovery of the fraud or mistake or the cessation of the violence.

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Article 889 of the French Civil Code

Where one of the co-partitioners establishes that he has suffered an injury of more than one quarter, the supplement to his share shall be provided, at the option of the defendant, either in cash or in kind. In order to assess whether there has been a lesion, the objects are estimated according to their value at the time of the partition. The action for the supplement of a share is…

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Article 890 of the French Civil Code

An action in complement of share is admitted against any act, whatever its denomination, the object of which is to put an end to indivision between co-partitioners. The action is no longer admitted where a settlement has been reached following the partition or the act in lieu thereof on the difficulties presented by that partition or that act. In the case of successive partial divisions, lesion is assessed without taking…

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Article 891 of the French Civil Code

An action to supplement a share is not permitted against a sale of undivided rights made without fraud to an undivided co-owner by his co-owners or by one of them, where the transfer involves a contingency defined in the deed and expressly accepted by the transferee.

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Article 893 of the French Civil Code

A liberality is the act by which a person disposes of all or part of his property or rights free of charge for the benefit of another person. A liberality can only be made by inter vivos gift or by will.

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Article 898 of the French Civil Code

A provision by which a third party is called upon to receive the gift, succession or legacy, in the event that the donee, instituted heir or legatee does not receive it, shall not be regarded as a substitution and shall be valid. .

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