Article 1307 of the French Civil Code
November 7, 2023
An obligation is an alternative obligation when it covers several services and the performance of one of them releases the debtor.
An obligation is an alternative obligation when it covers several services and the performance of one of them releases the debtor.
The choice between the performances belongs to the debtor. If the choice is not exercised within the agreed time or within a reasonable period, the other party may, after formal notice, exercise that choice or rescind the contract. The choice exercised is definitive and causes the obligation to lose its alternative character.
If it results from force majeure, the impossibility of performing the chosen service discharges the debtor.
A debtor who has not made his choice known must, if one of the performances becomes impossible, perform one of the others.
A creditor who has not made his choice known must, if one of the performances becomes impossible to perform as a result of force majeure, be satisfied with one of the others.
When the performances become impossible, the debtor is discharged only if the impossibility arises, for each of them, from a case of force majeure.
An obligation is optional where it has as its object a certain performance but the debtor has the option, in order to be discharged, of providing another. The optional obligation is extinguished if performance of the originally agreed service becomes impossible due to force majeure.
An obligation binding several creditors or debtors is divided between them by operation of law. The division also takes place between their successors, the obligation being joint and several. If it is not otherwise regulated by law or by contract, the division takes place by equal shares. Each of the creditors is entitled only to his share of the common claim; each of the debtors is liable only for his…
Solidarity is legal or contractual; it cannot be presumed.
Solidarity between creditors enables each of them to demand and receive payment of the entire claim. Payment made to one of them, who owes an account to the others, discharges the debtor in respect of all of them. The debtor may pay any of the joint and several creditors as long as he is not sued by one of them.
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is a Registered Trademark of
PETROFF LAW FIRM (SELARL LEGASTRAT)
182, rue de Rivoli
75001, Paris France
RCS Paris n°814433470
Paris Bar Registration n° (Toque) C2396
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is a Registered Trademark of
PETROFF LAW FIRM (SELARL LEGASTRAT)
182, rue de Rivoli
75001, Paris France
RCS Paris n°814433470
Paris Bar Registration n° (Toque) C2396
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