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Article 1873-14 of the French Civil Code

The option to acquire or allocate lapses if its beneficiary has not exercised it by notifying the surviving undivided co-owners and the heirs of the predeceased within one month of the day on which he was given formal notice to take a decision. This formal notice may not itself take place before the expiry of the period provided for in the title “Inheritances” for making an inventory and deliberating. Where…

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Article 1873-15 of the French Civil Code

Article 815-17 is applicable to joint ownership creditors, as well as to the personal creditors of the joint owners. However, the latter may only bring about partition in cases where their debtor could bring it about himself. In other cases, they may pursue the seizure and sale of their debtor’s share in the undivided interest in accordance with the forms provided for by the Code of Civil Procedure. The provisions…

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Article 1873-16 of the French Civil Code

Where undivided property is encumbered by a usufruct, agreements, subject in principle to the provisions of the preceding chapter, may be concluded either between the bare owners or between the usufructuaries, or between each of them. There may likewise be an agreement between those who are undivided for the enjoyment and the one who is bare owner of all the property, as well as between the universal usufructuary and the…

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Article 1873-17 of the French Civil Code

Where the usufructuaries have not been parties to the agreement, third parties who have dealt with the manager of the undivided interest may not rely, to the detriment of the usufruct rights, on any powers conferred on him by the bare owners.

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Article 1873-18 of the French Civil Code

Where the agreement between usufructuary and bare owner provides for decisions to be taken by a majority in number and in shares, the voting right attaching to the shares is divided equally between usufruct and bare ownership, unless the parties have agreed otherwise. Any expenditure exceeding the obligations of the usufructuary, as defined by the articles 582 et seq, only engages him with his consent given in the agreement itself…

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Article 1874 of the French Civil Code

There are two kinds of loan: That of things which can be used without destroying them; And that of things which are consumed by the use made of them. The first kind is called “loan for use”. The second is called “loan for consumption”, or simply “loan”.

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