Article R2393-2 of the French Public procurement code
For the application of the provisions of sub-sections 1 to 3, the following are not considered to be sub-contractors: 1° Members of the same grouping in relation to each other; 2° Economic operators over whom the contract holder exercises, directly or indirectly, a dominant influence within the meaning of the second paragraph of Article L. 1212-2; 3° Economic operators who may exercise a dominant influence, within the meaning of the…